Intelligence

There are two theories regarding innate ability and it's relationship to performance and achievement. One theory is called "Innate Ability Theory", and the other one is called "The Effort Based Ability Theory". The innate theory demonstrates that the intellectual ability is innate, fixed through out lifetime. However, the effort based ability is very opposite to that innate, in the effort based theory they posits that all children are born with sufficient innate ability to achieve anything asked to them in school and that this ability is malleable through effective effort. Another way of summarizing this theory is that " Smart is not something you are, smart is something you get by working hard and through effective strategies".It is very normal that a teacher finds different levels in her class, differences in reading, readiness, in speed, in learning, and also on students who are way behind the others, but we have to keep in mind that incrementalist ( effort based theory) believes that all children have the intellectual capacity to learn and to achieve.